Not all employees and managers of large companies are held professional retraining, but at least half of the employees attend various courses for more detailed knowledge in their profession. The same applies to both engineers-builders and masters with certain skills.
The fundamental knowledge gained in the higher institutions is quickly obsolete, although such knowledge is mandatory, because the basics of construction must be known to each engineer. Despite this, people with old education do not need to panic. Retraining is not memorizing the theory in a new way for five years. Retraining is only an addition to the main library, which the builder engineer read all five years of study.
On the SHKOLASTRITELYA website. Any builder (as soon as a university and an experienced engineer) can get acquainted with a whole list of retraining courses and other curricula with the subsequent receipt of a diploma for a certain professional position. It is interesting that the “crust” is obtained by people working in the installation department of high-rise structures, crane operators, slingers, welders and other masters of narrowly focused specialization.
Why do they need this? Then, that any industry has long passed to electronic production systems, and the products themselves (metal, wooden, plastic, etc. D.) are often created using high nanotechnologies. That is, a large role is given to atomic structures, where the material cannot be done manually, as it was in ancient times. It is precisely the nanotechnologies that allow us to say that retraining of personnel is a useful and profitable matter for employers.